WHAT IS A CARDIAC STIMULATOR, WHY IT IS NECESSARY AND HOW DOES LIFE CHANGE AFTER ITS INSTALLATION? - Scientific conference
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WHAT IS A CARDIAC STIMULATOR, WHY IT IS NECESSARY AND HOW DOES LIFE CHANGE AFTER ITS INSTALLATION?

30.09.2021 21:20

[1. Information systems and technologies]

Author: Serdechenko I.S., student, Department of Biomedical Cybernetics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, c. Kyiv; Chernykh M.A., student, Department of Biomedical Cybernetics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, c. Kyiv; Hryn O.Y., student, Department of Biomedical Cybernetics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, c. Kyiv


The human heart normally works unnoticed for us. We feel him only when he starts to interrupt his work. There are many heart conditions, and for some of them, a pacemaker may be required.What is a pacemaker, what is it for, and how life changes after the installation of a pacemaker on the eve of World Heart Day, the cardiac surgeon of the Regional Hospital Pavel Viktorovich Rogalev told.

A healthy heart independently regulates the rhythm and rate of beating. But heart disease can cause your heart rate to become irregular. One way to solve this problem is to implant a pacemaker.An cardiac stimulator (ECS) is a medical device 3x5 cm in size, weighing 30-45 grams, designed to encourage or impose a normal heart rhythm in patients whose heart rate is not fast enough or there is a blockade of signal transmission between different parts of the organ by sending electrical impulses. The main function of a pacemaker is to monitor the rhythm of the heart and to stimulate if a rare or irregular rhythm with gaps in contractions occurs. 

Diseases for which a pacemaker is placed:

- severe bradycardia - a decrease in the number of heart contractions (the norm is 60-80 contractions per minute)

- complete heart block, in which the atria and ventricles contract in an individual rhythm, independently of each other;

- severe heart failure;

- cardiomyopathy - diseases in which, due to structural changes, the contractile activity of the heart is disrupted.

Pacemakers can be either single-chamber or multi-chamber. Each stimulation chamber is designed to stimulate one part of the heart. Two-chambered devices stimulate the atrium and right ventricle, and three-chambered cardio-resynchronizing devices (CRT) stimulate the right atrium, right and left ventricles. 

After installing a pacemaker, a person's life changes: restrictions, new rules, and requirements appear. But with pacemakers, you can lead a fulfilling life. You need to understand that a pacemaker does not treat either ischemic disease, angina pectoris, or arrhythmias, the heart remains the same, so it needs to be spared. It is necessary to see a doctor quarterly, in case of deterioration of health, it is urgent, you may have to change the dosage of drugs.

One month after the operation, you can go in for sports. Walking on foot is useful, and the more the better. Do not expose the area of the body where the pacemaker is installed to direct sunlight. It must always be covered with some kind of cloth.

If an ultrasound examination is required, avoid directing the beam to the body of the pacemaker. Fluorography and X-rays can be taken.

Literature:

1. “IEEE Milestone in Electrical Engineering and Computing”. Retrieved September 5, 2009. [http://www.ieee.ca/history/milestones/pacemaker.html]

2. “Paul Maurice Zoll”. Harvard Gazette. 19 April 2001. [https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2001/04/harvard-gazette-paul-maurice-zoll/]

________________ 

Supervisor: Kompanetc N.M., Senior Lecturer, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, c. Kyiv



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